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Publius Ovidius Naso, Fasti VI.801-810: Marcia

Augustan woman
Funerary statue of a woman of the Republican period

The glory of Marcia's appearance, conduct and lineage is the subject of the closing lines of Ovid's Fasti 6, begun before his exile in 8 CE. In celebrating her Ovid honors not only his patron, Paullus Fabius Maximus (46 BCE-14CE; consul 11 BCE), her husband, but Augustus as well. Marcia was Augustus' maternal cousin through a complex web of relationships. Her mother, Atia minor, was the sister of Augustus's mother, Atia maior, both daughters of Julia, Caesar's sister. After the death in 58 BCE of Augustus' father, Gaius Octavius, Atia maior contracted a second marriage to Lucius Marcius Philippus maior (consul 56 BCE). His son by an earlier marriage, Lucius Marcius Philippus minor, married Atia minor, mother of Marcia. As the wife of Paullus, close friend of Augustus, Marcia appears tragically in Tacitus' Annales 1.5.3 (see State), where her confidence to her friend Livia that Paullus accompanied Augustus on a secret visit to his exiled grandson Agrippa resulted in Paullus' suicide. Despite the claims of the muse Clio, these lines are less about Marcia's beauty than the fame of the males in her family. This passage occurs in the month of June (sacred to Juno) on the 29th day (ante diem III Kalendas Iulianas), which was sacred to Hercules Musarum (see denarius of Q. Pomponius Musa, 66 BCE). The round temple of Heracles Musarum (see lost frgt.31eeff) is located by the Forma Urbis Romae (frgt. 31bb) near the Portico of Octavia and Portico of Philippus (frgt. 31u). The poem is written in elegiac couplet, which consists of two lines of poetry in dactylic meter (see illustration of the meter).

   

  sic ego. sic Clio: "clari monimenta Philippi
 

aspicis, unde trahit Marcia casta genus,

 
  Marcia, sacrifico deductum nomen ab Anco,
 

in qua par facies nobilitate sua.

 
805  par animo quoque forma suo respondet; in illa  
 

et genus et facies ingeniumque simul.

 
  nec, quod laudamus formam, tu turpe putaris:  
 

laudamus magnas hac quoque parte deas.

 
  nupta fuit quondam matertera Caesaris illi:
810 

o decus, o sacra femina digna domo!"

 

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Ann R. Raia and Judith Lynn Sebesta
Return to The World of Body
December 2006