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M. Tullius Cicero, De Oratore 3.12.45

elderly woman elderly woman-side

Laelia was the daughter of Gaius Laelius (c. 190-after 129 BCE) and the wife of Quintus Mucius Scaevola (c. 159 – 88 BCE), with whom she had three children. We know very little else about her, reinforcing the impression that her daughter's husband, the orator Lucius Licinius Crassus (140-91 BCE), leaves of a sheltered but educated woman. Women of her class would typically have received early instruction in the home with their brothers, but how much more education they would have acquired is uncertain. Crassus implies that Laelia had knowledge of the early dramatic poets Plautus and Naevius, or at least she sounded as if she had. Although teachers would typically have been either mothers or, in elite households, Greek tutors, Crassus cites only Laelia's father as her model. Laelius was a cultured man who had had fought in Africa with Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus (c. 184/5–129 BCE), earning the nickname Sapiens for his interest in Greek philosophy and literature. He was famous for his oratorical ability and was praised for his elegant language by Quintilian, who repeats Crassus's report that Laelia spoke like her father: Laelia C[aii] filia reddidisse in loquendo paternam elegantiam dicitur (Institutio Oratoria 1.1.6; see also 1.1.4 on page 33, The Worlds of Roman Women). In the passage below Crassus, one of the speakers in Cicero's dialogue on rhetoric, argues that good Latin pronunciation mirrors ancient Roman diction, the only remaining traces of which he finds in the speech of his mother-in-law, Laelia. See Laelia Lesson for questions to deliberate.

 
Elderly Roman Woman, 1st century BCE


   
Equidem cum audio socrum meam Laeliamfacilius enim mulieres incorruptam antiquitatem conservant, quod multorum sermonis expertes ea tenent semper, quae prima didicerunt – sed eam sic audio, ut Plautum mihi aut Naevium videar audire, sono ipso vocis ita recto et simplici est, ut nihil ostentationis aut imitationis adferre videatur; ex quo sic locutum esse eius patrem iudico, sic maiores; non aspere ut ille, quem dixi, non vaste, non rustice, non hiulce, sed presse et aequabiliter et leniter.  
   

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Submitted by Anne Leen, Furman University
Ann R. Raia and Judith Lynn Sebesta
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October 2008